What is a nova?
A nova in deep space is a sudden bright flash that varies from some seconds to several years. The novas are often so bright that sometimes they are thought to be the new star is forming up which isn't the case.
A nova in deep space is a sudden bright flash that varies from some seconds to several years. The novas are often so bright that sometimes they are thought to be the new star is forming up which isn't the case.
All the novas which are observed so far involves a binary star system in which one of a star is a white dwarf and another is any star from the sequence of stars. Novae are mainly seen along the pathway of the milky way galaxy in the constellation of Sagittarius.
The novas are divided into three broad categories:-
1.) Classical nova
These are the most often seen type of nova. This happens when the orbital period of both the stars falls short and the white dwarf is close enough to the companion star then the white dwarf starts drawing matter from the companion star onto the surface of itself which forms a dense but low height envelop of gases mainly consisting of hydrogen.
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| Illustration of a white dwarf eating it's star |
The novas are divided into three broad categories:-
1.) Classical nova
These are the most often seen type of nova. This happens when the orbital period of both the stars falls short and the white dwarf is close enough to the companion star then the white dwarf starts drawing matter from the companion star onto the surface of itself which forms a dense but low height envelop of gases mainly consisting of hydrogen.
When hydrogen gas is heated because of the hot surface of the white dwarf star and when it reaches the above the critical temperature it causes the re-ignition at the surface of the white dwarf which as a result suddenly release the enourmous amount of energy into the interstellar space.
2.) Recurrent nova
Recurrent novae are the as the classical novae but the main difference between them is the recurrent novae can be repetitive due to the fact that the host star can feed again the white dwarf.
2.) Recurrent nova
Recurrent novae are the as the classical novae but the main difference between them is the recurrent novae can be repetitive due to the fact that the host star can feed again the white dwarf.
Typical recurrent nova has brightness of approximately 8.6 magnitude which is 1.3 times less than the classical nova.
3.) Dwarf nova
This the of nova is more of a dim one than the other novae mention above although it's frequency is much higher than others.
Supernovae
A supernova is a very energetic and bright explosion of a star which happens when a massive star runs out of fuel to cause further fusion or when a white star is forced to the runaway fusion.
3.) Dwarf nova
This the of nova is more of a dim one than the other novae mention above although it's frequency is much higher than others.
Supernovae
A supernova is a very energetic and bright explosion of a star which happens when a massive star runs out of fuel to cause further fusion or when a white star is forced to the runaway fusion.
If the mass acquired by the dwarf star is more than the chandrashekhar limit then depending upon the mass white dwarf becomes neutron star or black hole.
The closest candidate of supernova is IK Pegasus A which is 150 light years away from us but there are still several millions of years that it might go supernova.
The supernovas are divided into two broad categories:-
1.) Type 1a supernova
This supernova is due to the carbon-oxygen rich white dwarf which draws matter from the host star and when the mass of the white dwarf exceeds the 1.44 times the mass of the sun(chandrashekhar limit) , the white star collapses and which cause the rapid increase of the temperature and pressure and then the white dwarf explodes as supernova.
2.) Type 1b supernova
This supernova occurs to the star whose mass is approx 25 times the mass of the sun.
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| Illustration of supernova |
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| Illustration of layers of elements within a star |
The supernovas are divided into two broad categories:-
1.) Type 1a supernova
This supernova is due to the carbon-oxygen rich white dwarf which draws matter from the host star and when the mass of the white dwarf exceeds the 1.44 times the mass of the sun(chandrashekhar limit) , the white star collapses and which cause the rapid increase of the temperature and pressure and then the white dwarf explodes as supernova.
2.) Type 1b supernova
This supernova occurs to the star whose mass is approx 25 times the mass of the sun.
This star in it's last evolutionary stages sheds most of it's outer matter maybe via mass transfer to the companion star which is the reason that the that star lacks hydrogen when it's about to explode.
This star first implode then come back and then explodes causing supernova.
3.) Type 1c supernova
The spectrum of this star is when studied it is found that it contains very little hydrogen and helium and contains more of a heavy elements like iron and when there is no enough matter left then the star explodes a supernova.
Note:- The type 1b supernova and type 1c supernova are collectively known as stripped core-collapse supernova.
Type 2 supernova
A star of mass atleast 8 times the mass of the sun but not more than 40-50 times the mass of the sun undergoes type 2 supernova.
3.) Type 1c supernova
The spectrum of this star is when studied it is found that it contains very little hydrogen and helium and contains more of a heavy elements like iron and when there is no enough matter left then the star explodes a supernova.
Note:- The type 1b supernova and type 1c supernova are collectively known as stripped core-collapse supernova.
Type 2 supernova
A star of mass atleast 8 times the mass of the sun but not more than 40-50 times the mass of the sun undergoes type 2 supernova.
The life span of very massive stars is very short as compare to other stars because they possess the mass needed to fuse heavier elements of the periodic table under very high temperature and pressure hence they loose their mass.
When the pressure of degenerate electrons and fusion energy to counter the gravitational pull of the star is not sufficient then it starts producing heavy elements and when the quantity of iron and nickle is increased they give no further force to counter gravitational pull then all the matter of star starts collapsing and undergoes types 2 supernova.
What are yours thoughts on supernova?Tell me in the comments.
What are yours thoughts on supernova?Tell me in the comments.
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